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ETERNAL LEADERS SIXTO ENRIQUEZ RIVERA AND VIRGINIA MILLANO EVANGELISTA FABRO~RIVERA (Experimenting with Paint 3D)
星期六
The Manila-Acapulco Gallions
During the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries, the transpacific treasure galleons sailed annually from Manila to Acapulco. In Manila, the vessel was loaded with the scented spices of the East, luxurious silks from China, exquisite hand crafted lacquerware from Japan and a multitude of Oriental goods that the Spaniards of New Spain longed to own. The returning galleon from Acapulco to Manila, carried as much as 2.5 million silver pesos in payment of the goods sent to the New Spain in the previous year, as well as a yearly silver subsidy of 250,000 reales for the maintenance of the colonial government in the Philippines. But while the galleons mainly sailed alone and unaccompanied from Manila to Acapulco and vice versa, they were vulnerable to a host of calamities and misfortunes. A fire on board the vessel or a terrifying storm could end the voyage and the lives of every one on the ship even before the galleon was able to reach land. Additionally, the commanders of the galleons were always threatened by lurking pirates and privateers who preyed on the vessels and coveted the treasures they carried. The book describes in detail how the galleons were attacked at sea and how they fought against enemy vessels, as well as how many of the ships sank or were shipwrecked over the years. It also covers their management, construction, manning, weaponry, navigation, daily life on the ship, provisions, cargoes and voyages. The book contains an annotated list of the galleons sailing between the Philippines and Mexico from 1565 to 1815. This informative book is the first of its kind to cover such an expansive history of the Pacific galleons which up to this point had remained largely untold.
ca. 1700
Puebla
Tin-enameled earthenware
H. 10 1/4 in. (26 cm)
Gift of Mrs. Robert W. de Forest, 1911 (11.87.7)
Source:The lock and cover that attached to the iron collar have been lost. Jars of this type were used to store valued material such as spices or cacao beans. The diagonal design of flying bird with cloud collar encircling the neck and stylized landscape below is one of the most frequently encountered Mexican patterns, in jars of this shape as well as narrow drug jars and plates. Many of the motifs derive from Chinese-export Swatow ware, but the ensemble is one of the signatures of the Pueblan style.The so-called Manila Galleon (“Nao de China” or “Nao de Acapulco”) brought porcelain, silk, ivory, spices, and myriad other exotic goods from China to Mexico in exchange for New World silver. (It is estimated that as much as one-third of the silver mined in New Spain and Peru went to the Far East.) On the return leg, the precious Asian wares traveled across the Pacific, via the Philippines (colonized by Spain in the late sixteenth century), to Acapulco on Mexico’s west coast. They then crossed Mexico overland for shipment to Spain. However, much of the porcelain and carved ivory remained in the Americas and, in many cases, influenced artists working there: Mexican ceramics display the impact of the Galleon trade most vividly. But Chinese silk designs may have inspired some of the patterned garments of Guatemalan sculptures, whose faces also betray the subtle influence of Asian ivory carvings. - Joanna Hecht
星期五
AVTINAS REVIVAL: MEXICO-RP INCENSE ROUTE
"They shall hasten like an eagle from Méxik@ and like a dove from Las Islas Filipinas" {Hoshea 11:11}.
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